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Kongdian Formation

Kongdian Fm

Period: 
Paleogene

Age Interval: 
early Eocene, (15b)


Province: 
Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning

Type Locality and Naming

Bohai Bay region. The naming section is located in the well Kong No. 1 at Kongdian Village, Cangxian County, Hebei. Named by the North China Petroleum Exploration Bureau, Ministry of Petroleum, in 1964.


Lithology and Thickness

This formation is divided in ascending order into three members. Third Member consists of alternating beds of red mudstone and sandstone, the base of which is conglomerate. Second Member is composed predominantly of gray and dark gray mudstone, the middle an upper parts of which are intercalated with coal beds, carbonaceous shale, oil shale and sandstone. First Member is alternating beds of red mudstone and sandstone. With a maximum thickness of 1500 m.


Lithology Pattern: 
Sandy claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

This formation has a conformable or disconformable contact with the underlying Paleocene Houzhen Fm.

Upper contact

Conformable or disconformable contact with the overlying Eocene Shahejie Fm.

Regional extent

It is mainly distributed in Changyi, Weixian and Huimin of Shandong, Cangxian and Baoding of Hebei and the North China plain.


GeoJSON

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Fossils

This member contains abundant fossils, but the numbers of genera and species are not many. The ostracods are represented by the Eucypris wutuensis assemblage; the gastropods are the Physa changleensis assemblage; the charophytes are the Peckichara wutuensis-Neochara sinuolata assemblage. Sporopollen is abundant, marked by the high-content Taxodiaceae assemblage.


Age 

Some people consider the age of the Kongdian Formation to be Paleocene, while others consider it early or middle Eocene. In consideration that basalt at the top of the Third Member has an isotope age of 55.74±0.9 Ma and that its fossil assemblage is very similar to that of the early Eocene Wutu Formation, it is advisable to assign it to early Eocene in age.

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Ypresian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
56.00

    Ending stage: 
Ypresian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
0.7

    Ending date (Ma):  
50.45

Depositional setting

This formation belongs to typical terrestrial deposits. Its fossil assemblage and lithological characteristics indicate that it was of fresh-water lacustrine facies during deposition, when organic matter in the waters was rich and the climate was warm and wet.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Tao Deng, Yuanqing Wang, Qian Li, et al.